On Tuesday, China announced its agreement with Japan and South Korea to convene a summit among the leaders of the three nations “at the earliest opportunity.” This decision followed a rare meeting of senior diplomats held in Seoul.
The trilateral discussions involved deputy and assistant ministers representing each country and were perceived as an effort to address Beijing’s concerns regarding the strengthening of security alliances between Washington, Tokyo, and Seoul. Beijing characterized the meeting as a “comprehensive discussion aimed at facilitating the resumption of stable cooperation.”
“It was agreed that carrying out cooperation between China, Japan, and South Korea is in the common interests of the three parties,” foreign ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin said.
The three countries agreed to hold a meeting of their foreign ministers “in the next few months”, Wang said, and to promote “the holding of a leaders’ meeting as early as possible at a time convenient to all three countries.”
South Korea’s foreign ministry also said the diplomats had “agreed to hold the trilateral summit meeting at the earliest time possible and host a trilateral ministerial meeting in preparation.”
The last such summit took place in 2019.
No other leaders’ summit has since been held because of diplomatic and historical disputes between Seoul and Tokyo, in part linked to Japan’s colonial rule over the Korean peninsula from 1910 to 1945.
South Korean Foreign Minister Park Jin stressed that cooperation among the three countries “plays a significant role not only in Northeast Asia but also in the peace, stability, and prosperity of the world”, his ministry said in a statement before the meeting.
Park further highlighted that together, the three nations “account for 20 percent of the world’s population and 25 percent of the global GDP”, it added.
As the threat from nuclear-armed North Korea grows, South Korea’s President Yoon Suk Yeol has pulled Seoul closer to long-standing ally Washington.
He has meanwhile sought to bury the hatchet with Japan, also a close US ally.
In August they said a “new chapter” of close three-way security cooperation was beginning after a historic summit at Camp David in the United States.
Beijing had lodged complaints over a statement released at the Camp David summit, in which the three allies criticized China’s “aggressive behavior” in the South China Sea.
Beijing, Seoul’s biggest trading partner, is also North Korea’s most important ally and economic benefactor.
While Tokyo, Seoul, and Washington have held joint military exercises against the growing North Korean threats, Beijing has recently sent senior officials to attend Pyongyang’s military parades.
China also claims self-ruled Taiwan as its territory, vowing to seize it one day, and officials in Washington — a key ally of Taipei, Seoul, and Tokyo — have cited 2027 as a possible timeline for an invasion.
In April, South Korea’s Yoon said that tensions over Taiwan were due to “attempts to change the status quo by force”.
The comment resulted in a diplomatic tit-for-tat, with Beijing lodging a protest, which Seoul condemned as a “serious diplomatic discourtesy”.
